Ottoman Saray / Qishla • السراي‎ / قشله‌ • قشلة

There are various Ottoman fortresses, either smaller qishlas or very large sarays. Qishla is the term for an Ottoman barracks, from the Turkish word 'kışla'. There are qishla in Koya, Hawler, Rayat (near Choman), Zakho, and Kirkuk. At a higher Ottoman administrative level than the qishla is the sara, such as the one in Silemani.